제60조 (Constructive total loss defined) U.K.
(1)Subject to any express provision in the policy, there is a constructive total loss where the subject-matter insured is reasonably abandoned on account of its actual total loss appearing to be unavoidable, or because it could not be preserved from actual total loss without an expenditure which would exceed its value when the expenditure had been incurred.
(2)In particular, there is a constructive total loss—
(i)Where the assured is deprived of the possession of his ship or goods by a peril insured against, and (a) it is unlikely that he can recover the ship or goods, as the case may be, or (b) the cost of recovering the ship or goods, as the case may be, would exceed their value when recovered; or
(ii)In the case of damage to a ship, where she is so damaged by a peril insured against that the cost of repairing the damage would exceed the value of the ship when repaired.
In estimating the cost of repairs, no deduction is to be made in respect of general average contributions to those repairs payable by other interests, but account is to be taken of the expense of future salvage operations and of any future general average contributions to which the ship would be liable if repaired; or
(iii)In the case of damage to goods, where the cost of repairing the damage and forwarding the goods to their destination would exceed their value on arrival.
요지
영국 해상보험법상 증권에 명시 규정이 없는 한, 현실전손이 불가피해 보이거나 지출 시점의 가액을 넘는 비용 없이는 현실전손을 막을 수 없어 보험목적물을 합리적으로 포기한 경우 추정전손이 된다. 특히 담보위험으로 선박·화물의 점유를 잃고 회복 가능성이 낮거나 회복비용이 회복 후 가액을 넘는 경우, 선박 수리비가 수리 후 선박가액을 넘는 경우(수리비에서 다른 이해관계인이 낼 공동해손분담금은 빼지 않고, 장래 구조비용과 수리 시 선박이 부담할 장래 공동해손분담금은 넣는다), 화물 수리비와 목적지까지의 운송비가 도착 시 가액을 넘는 경우가 추정전손이다.
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